II. Establishing
Rapport at the Outset of Treatment
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10. Ask Open-Ended Questions,
Then Be a Good Listener
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One of the defining features of cognitive therapy is the spirit of collaboration that the therapist attempts to foster in working with the patient (Beck et al. 1979). A central method for enhancing an atmosphere of collaboration is to encourage the patient to actively talk and think aloud in the session, and for the therapist to listen carefully and reflect accurately. Additionally, it is important to add structure to this process by asking clinically relevant questions that allow the patient to expound his or her feelings and thoughts. Open ended questions serve this purpose well. A common trap to avoid is lecturing the patients and/or bombarding them with yes/no questions that are reminiscent of interrogation. It is much more collaborative to employ a Socratic style (Overholser1987, 1988, 1993) in which the therapist gently guides the direction of the session material by punctuating the patients' comments with thoughtful, open-ended questions. The following short dialog serves as an example.
Note that in the example above, the therapist
gets a lot of useful information from the patient by asking open-ended
questions and by carefully listening to the patient's responses. A good rapport seems to be present in the interaction, with the patient implicitly acknowledging that the therapist understands. |
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