During a 14-week misdemeanor drug court program, clients with antisocial personality disorder (APD) who wer assigned to biweekly judicial status hearings turned in significantly more drug-free urine samples than similarly diagnosed offenders without a fixed schedule for hearings. Drug court clients without an APD diagnosis, conversely, did better when assigned to as-needed hearings.

Source: Festinger et al., Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2002 by D.S. Festinger, D.B. Marlowe, P.A. Lee, G. Bovasso, A.T. McLellan, and Elsevier Press. Used with permission.